Waterfall model

Waterfall model is believed to be the first software method to be used in software development. This model follows a procedure where next phase of cycle is started only when the previous phase is completed. This model can be used for small scale project and mainly if there is no uncertainty in the software requirements. Waterfall model is also called as linear sequential life cycle model. Waterfall model may not be applicable to today's world as requirements are dynamic and keep changing as a phase is completed.

As word suggests, it flows downwards with phase mentioned below.
1. Requirement Analysis and Gathering:
2. Design
3. Implementation
4. Testing
5. Deployment
6. Maintenance

Pros and Cons of Waterfall model

Pros

- It is easy to understand and manage
- Since the requirements are frozen there would be no confusions and phase can be carried out in ease
- Product can be delivered on time as each phase would be assigned with efforts and there would be no rescheduling the efforts or dates

Cons
- If a defect is found during testing phase then it becomes difficult to get back to development stage and change the entire set of code or logic
- Next phase team especially testing team would be idle until the implementation phase is completed unless they are made to test some other project
- Clients will be only able to check the working condition of product only when the implementation is completed

List out different software methodologies in software testing.

Below are the some of the software methodologies used in software testing.

1. Agile model

2. Waterfall model

3. V model

4. Incremental model

5. Iterative model

6. RAD model

7. Spiral model

8. Prototype model

What do you mean by latent and masked defect?

Latent defect: Latent defect is a defect which is not found for a long time i.e. the defect is discovered now even though it existed way before the present version.

Masked defect: Masked defect is a defect in which a defect is hiding another defect.

Difference between mobile application testing and web application testing

Mobile application testing	Web application testing
- Testing is carried out by installing a executable file i.e. .apk for android and .iPa for iOS	- Testing is carried out on a URL over the internet on a browser
- Testing in different devices with different resolution	- Testing on different browsers with different resolution to check the responsiveness
- Testing in different network - 4G, 3G, 2G and Wifi	- Testing on broadband connection and Wifi connection
- Testing on Different OS - iOS and Android	- Testing on different OS - Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Mac
- Testing notifications, install uninstall application, test for battery consumption, test for memory consumption and leaks, interruption of calls and SMS
- Test for network disconnections and check if proper errors are shown
- User interaction can be from single tap to multiple taps	- User interaction is mainly using Keyboard and Mouse

What do you mean by Soak Testing?

- Soak testing is a type of testing where the system is tested over a significant period of time by applying significant load to system to check how the system behaves.

- Soak testing is also called as endurance testing.

- Soak testing is a type of performance testing.

- Soak testing is a non functionality testing.

- Soak testing is carried out to check the memory leaks in the system.

Ex: A system may perform well on calculating the tax of n person in an hour. If calculating the tax of n number of person in 24 hours along with the checking of balancing sheet of bank would result in checking of the endurance of the system or performing soak testing.

Difference between Smoke and Sanity testing

Smoke	Sanity
Smoke test is performed to check if the major functionalities as proposed  in the requirement document is working as expected or not before starting system or regression testing.	Sanity test is performed after system or regression testing is carried out to ensure that major functionalities are working as expected and not broken.
Smoke test is build verification testing	Sanity test is build acceptance testing
Smoke test is carried out to check all the major functionalities of a product. If smoke test fails then the build is declared as unstable and testing is stopped.	Sanity test is carried out to check on  a limited functionalities of a product.

Difference between Verification and Validation

Verification	Validation
Verification is process of ensuring that the product is being build according to the requirement and design specification	"Validation is a process of ensuring that the product is built according to the user need and business requirement"
Verification is "Are we building the product right?"	Validation is "Are we building the right product"
Verification is done before the development phase	Validation is performed after the development phase

Difference between Retesting and Regression testing?

Retesting	Regression
Retest is carried out when a particular defect is fixed and tester has to run through the test cases related only to the defect fixed	Regression testing is carried out to check if the defect which is fixed in the module has affected any other module or not. Here tester has to run through the whole module i.e. the test cases which are already passed too and not a particular test case.
Retest is carried out to check if the prior defect which is logged has been rectified.	Regression testing in laymen term is to check if there are any side effect to the defect fixed.
Retest is a planned testing	Regression testing is generic testing

How do you install an application without syncing your iOS device to iTunes (NOT A HACK).

Had i knew this few years back i wouldn't have pain of apps getting deleted on syncing accidentally. Normally in a medium budget company you have to share devices with your colleagues which leads to every single person syncing the same device in multiple system thereby deleting apps. Every other person in my team had suffered due to this problem. I recently got shifted to other team and a developer taught me how to install the build without syncing. It doesn't require rocket science guys, here you go.


The software you would require is Xcode (Xcode is a development tool used by developer to code and quality testing team use them for installing the build) You can download this from Mac app store.


Here is the link to Mac app store : https://itunes.apple.com/in/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12


Steps to install application to your apple device through Xcode


- Connect you iOS device to your Mac system.
- Download the required game/application through iTunes.
- After it gets downloaded, go to library section in iTunes application and then click on the application/game you have downloaded.
- Right click and select Show in Finder option. This would open finder with your game/applications ipa file selected
- Open Xcode application and then select the device which is plugged in.
- Click on Application tab which displays different applications installed.
- Drag the ipa file to Xcode application tab.
- If the file is a bit bigger then it takes more than 5 minutes to copy the file (Wait till you see the yellow dot in Xcode)
- After it gets installed open the application in iOS device
- Installed application would ask you to enter the login credentials.
- Enter the login credentials.
Please Note: The login credential should be the same as the one from which you have downloaded the app.
- Voila! you are ready to use the application without syncing :)


Easy isn't it :) Now go try it.

LDPI HDPI MDPI XHDPI XXHDPI XXXHDPI

Brand	Devices		Pixel Per inch (ppi)
Samsung	Samsung Galaxy S6	xxxhdpi	577
	Samsung Galaxy Note 4	xxhdpi	515
HTC	HTC One M9	xxhdpi	441
	HTC Nexus 9	xhdpi	281
Huawei	Nexus 6P	xxxhdpi	518
LG	Lg G2	xxhdpi	424
	Lg G3	xxhdpi	538
	Lg Nexus 5X	xxhdpi	423
Sony Xperia	Sony Xperia Z3	xxhdpi	424
	Sony Xperia C4	xhdpi	401
	Sony Xperia C5	xhdpi	367
	Sony Xperia Z3 Tablet	xhdpi	283
Motorola	Moto G Turbo Edition	xhdpi	294
	Moto X force	xxxhdpi	540
	Moto X Play	xxhdpi	403
	Moto G 3rd/2nd Generation	xhdpi	294
	Moto E 2nd Generation	hdpi	245
	Moto E 1st Generation	mdpi	256
	Moto Nexus 6	xxxhdpi	493

How do you identify ?

You identify the category by just checking the DPI

ldpi - 120 dpi

mdpi - 160 dpi

hdpi - 240 dpi

xhdpi - 320 dpi

xxhdpi - 480 dpi
xxxhdpi - 640dpi

Will be updating with few more devices soon :) help me out if i am wrong or you can add some more devices in list if you know in which category the devices falls in.

Check out the version histories of Android
http://qualitytestingtips.blogspot.in/2016/02/version-histories-of-android.html

Version Histories of Android

Below are the list of code-name and version number of android versions.

Code Name	Version Number
Cupcake	1.5
Donut	1.6
Eclair	2.0 - 2.1
Froyo	2.2 - 2.2.3
Gingerbread	2.3 - 2.3.7
Honeycomb	3.0 - 3.2.6
Ice Cream Sandwich	4.0 - 4.0.4
Jelly Bean	4.1 - 4.3.1
KitKat	4.4 -4.4.4
Lollipop	5.0 - 5.1.1
Marshmallow	6.0 - 6.0.1
Nougat	7.0 – 7.1.2
Oreo	8.0 - 8.1.0
Pie	9
Android 10	10

Below are the API levels in Android based on their version numbers.

Code Name	API Level	Version Number
-	1	1
-	2	1.1
Cupcake	3	1.5
Donut	4	1.6
Eclair	5	2
Eclair	6	2.0.1
Eclair	7	2.1
Froyo	8	2.2 - 2.2.3
Gingerbread	9	2.3 - 2.3.2
Gingerbread	10	2.3.3 - 2.3.7
Honeycomb	11	3
Honeycomb	12	3.1
Honeycomb	13	3.2 - 3.2.6
Ice Cream Sandwich	14	4.0 - 4.0.2
Ice Cream Sandwich	15	4.0.3 - 4.0.4
Jelly Bean	16	4.1 - 4.1.2
Jelly Bean	17	4.2 - 4.2.2
Jelly Bean	18	4.3 - 4.3.1
KitKat	19	4.4 - 4.4.4
KitKat	20	4.4W - 4.4W.4
Lollipop	21	5.0 - 5.0.2
Lollipop	22	5.1 - 5.1.1
Marshmallow	23	6.0 - 6.0.1
Nougat	24	7
Nougat	25	7.1.2
Oreo	26	8
Oreo	27	8.1.0
Pie	28	9
Android 10	29	10

How To - 1

1. How to track 3G usage in iPhone?

- Open Settings

- Tap on General

- Tap on Usage

- Scroll to bottom of the screen

- Tap on Cellular Usage

- You can now check with the usage


2. How to repeat a song in iTunes ?

- Open iTunes application

- Click on Controls in Menu bar

- Click on Repeat

- Select One or All depending on what you want to repeat

3. How to change default web browser in Mac?

- Open Safari Application

- Click on Safari from menu bar

- Click on preferences

- Select the browser from the drop down list